Double exposure prevention device



Feb. 11, 1941. J. MIHALYIY DOUBLE EXPOSURE PREVENTION DEVICE 5Sheets-Sheet l Original Filed Sept. 9, 1938 m N .R E o. 1 m M E m a 1 9i a a a a I e 99 e h 7. d B m 0 x Q 1 r M m Feb. 11, 1941. J MHALW2,231,731

DOUBLE EXPOSURE PREVENTION DEVICE Original Filed Sept. 9, 19:58

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN! 'ENTOR 122% Feb. 11, 1941. WHALY] 2,231,731

DOUBLE EXPOSURE PREVENTION DEVICE 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Original Filed Sept.9, 193a JUfg/J/ lizalyi,

INVENT OR Feb. 11, 1941. mH 2,231,731

DOUBLE EXPOSURE PREVENTION DEVICE Original Filed Sgpt. 9, 1938 5Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR 1 Patented Feb. 11, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

Jouph Mihalyi.

man Kodak Comp poration of New Jersey Rochester, N. Y., assiznor toEast- Rochester, N. Y., a coroi-mmi application September 9, 1938,Serial No.

229,151. 1939, Serial N0. 283,017

Divided and this application July 6,,

l3 Clairns. (01.95-31) This invention relates to photography, and moreparticularlyto a roll film camera having a shutter anda film windingdevice cooperating therewith to prevent the improper operation. of thecamera. I

One object of my invention is to provide a camera in which a shutter ofthe setting type is employed, and to provide connections between thesetting shutter and the film windiml mechanism to require the properoperation of of these camera parts in timed relation. Another object ofmy invention is to provide a camera of the type described, in which anosclllatable l and slidable connection is made between shutter parts andfilm winding parts to insure the proper operation of these parts in theproper timed relation. Another object of my invention is to provide acamera with a shutter enclosed in a telescoping tubularcamera front, andto provide connections inside the telescoping tubular front between theshutter and the film winding mechanism. Still another object of myinvention is to provide a camera with a telescoping tubular frontenclosing a between-the-lenstype of shutter, anad to provide connectionsbetween the relatively fixed camera body and the telescoping tubularmember which may connect the film winding mechanism with the shutter,and other objects will appear from the 101- lowing specification, thenovel features bein particularly pointed out in the claims at the endthereof.

This is a division of my copending application Serial No. 229,151, filedSeptember 9, 1 938.

Coming now to the drawings wherein like reference characters denote likeparts throughout:

Fig. 1 is a top plan of a camera constructed in accordance with thisinvention, a part ofthe upper casing being removed to show some of .theinterlocking mechanism between the mm wind and the shutter release, andthe shutter being set for exposure.

Fig. 2 is a rear'elevation, partly in section, with the camera backremoved; i

Fig, 3 is a plan in section, showing the'lenstube construction;

Fig. 4 is a sectional fragmentary elevation on line 4-4 of Fig.3;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view in perspective showing the focusingmechanism;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 1, with the parts in the position theywill assume after the shutter has been released;

Fig. 'l is a plan view showing a portion of the film winding mechanismnear the completion of its cycle;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the exposure counter operating parts;

Fig. 9 is an exploded perspective view of 5 some of the parts shown inFig. 7; r

Fig. 10 is a vertical section parallel with the focal plane, takenapproximately at the center line of the illm spools;

Fig. '11 is a vertical section, enlarged, on line 10 H--ii of Fig. 3,showing the rear end of the lens tube and the parts connected with theshutter release;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of parts of the interlocking mechanism;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary elevation of a portion of the shutter-operatingmechanism;

Fig. 14 s a planin section, on line ll-'-l4 of Fig. 11;

Fig. 15 is a vertical central section on the optical axis of the camera,looking toward the left in Fig. 11; and Fig. 16 is a perspective cratingtube. a

In some of the figures of the drawings some parts have been omitted forthe sake of clearness. However, these parts are shown in some of thefigures.

The camera as illustrated herewith has neither bellows nor folding bedmember, but is" of the type in which a retractile tube carries both. thelens and theshutter, so that these parts may be withdrawn partiallywithin the camera body to reduce the overall dimensions and extended orprojected forwardly for focusing. The body In of the camera may bemolded, or cast, and is provided with a back ll, hinged at I2, andhaving a latch H. The back ll forms a closure for him chambers l4 and I5ior film supply and receiving spools l6 and I1 respectively, while wallsII and I! complete these chambers and separate them from the interior ofthe body proper.

A separate compartment or housing 20 may be attached to the top wall 2|of the camera to conview of the shutter optain and cover some 0! theinterlocking parts previously mentioned, and may also support andenclose therangc-flnder elements, the .view finder, and otheraccessories. As some of these form no part of the present invention theyare omitted. from the drawings and need not be further described.

The film F is drawn from supply spool 16 over an idler roll 22 andacross the exposure aperture frame 23, a'ratchet-toothed pair of rolls24, and another idler 25, to the receiving spool ll.

Both spools are preferably guided while in place by rollers 26 and 21 onthe back II.

The lens elements 28 are shown as mounted in a conventional manner inthe casing 25 of a between-the-lens shutter designated generally by thenumeral 30. The shutter 30 is preferably of the setting type, wherein amovement of a part or projecting arm in one direction(circumferentially) sets the shutter for operation, and the movement ofanother projecting arm in the opposite circumferential directionreleases the shutter to make an exposure.

The shutter 30 is mounted in the outer end of a tube St, on the exteriorof which are cut mul tiple threads 32. These threads are adapted tofollow and engage similar threads 33 in the inner wall of a larger tube34, the latter also having exterior threads 35 that work in aninteriorly-threaded collar 36, fixed in the front wall of the camera.The threads 32 and 35 are of opposite hand, in the present instanceleft-hand and right-hand respectively, so that a maximum of linearmovement of the tubes may be had for a given amount of rotation, for thepurpose of focusing the lens elements on the film F at the exposureaperture 23, and also to retract the tubes into the camera.

To accomplish the above-described results. fhe outer tube 34 isrevoluble in the threaded collar 35, so that a left-hand rotation of thetube (as viewed in Fig. l) retracts it, and a righthand rotation movesit outwardly from the camera. The inner tube 31 is held against rotationby pins ill that project through slots 38 in stationary brackets 39.These latter are supported at til on the aperture frame at the rear wallof the camera. The above arrangement results in the tube 3i having axialmovement only and because of the opposite threads the lens 28 movestwice as far along the optical axis for a given rotary movement of thetube 34 as it would if only one tube were used. In consequence, thefocusing scale numerals 5 may be placed closely together on the tube 34(Fig. 1) An index mark ii is provided in a notch 42 in the collar 36 sothat most of the numerals on the scale except the one in the notch areobscured by the collar, thereby reducing the chance of the operatormaking an error in reading the scale.

The tube 3 3 may be rotated for focusing by grasping the knurled rim 43.A more accurate and controlled movement is obtained by turning anexternal knob 44 at the right side of the camera. The shaft 45 of thisknob carries within the camera a crown-typo gear 46 that meshes with apinion 4i, and the latter in turn through a pinion 48 rotates a longpinion 49, supported in brackets fill. The pinion 49 meshes with a ringgear St on the inner end of tube 34 and thus 0- tates the latter as theknob 45 is turned by the operator. The length of the pinion 45 is suchthat the ring gear 5| is always meshed therewith regardless of thelinear or rotative position of the tube 34.

Within the tube 3! is a plain tube 52, skeletonized as in Fig. 16, whichmay be designated asthe shutter operator. oppositely-disposedcircumferential slots 53 in this tube coact with the pins 3i that arefixed in the tube 34. The tube 52 therefore is capable of partialrotation within the tube 34, but must move forward and backward with thelatter during the focusing adjustment.

A lug 54 on the shutter operator extends betubes 3| or 52.

yond the front end thereof and is so located that when the shutteroperator 52 is rotated .to the left (Fig. 3) the lug will strike thesetting lever 55 on the shutter 30 and will set or cook the shutter.When the tube 52 is rotated to the right tolockwise in Fig. 11) the lug54 will strike the release lever 55 of the shutter and the latter isthus tripped to make an exposure. If the focusing tube 3| has not beencarried forward to at least the infinity" position the shutter cannot betripped because a lug 51 on the rear edge of the shutter operator tube52 engages a widened portion 58 on the lower bracket 39. When lug 51passes the shoulder 59 the lens has reached in flnity position and thenthe tube 52 may be rotated clockwise to trip the shutter. Mechanism forrotating tube 52 in either direction will now be described.

At the rear end of tube 52, and formed downwardly therefrom is asegmental gear 60 meshing with a rack 6!. The latter is slidable in ways62 and on a guide pin 63 transversely along the bottom wall of thecamera and is of such a length that it is always meshed with thesegmental gear 50 regardless of the position of either of the Obviouslytherefore, if rack 5! is moved toward the right, tube 52 will be rotatedcounterclockwise (as viewed from the rear) and if the rack is moved tothe left the tube 52 will be rotated clockwise. These movementsrespectively set and trip the shutter as previously described.

The means for moving the rack to the right for setting the shutter isinterconnected with the mechanism for advancing the film. Only theportions directly affecting the rack will now be described. A shaft 64,adapted to oscillate in bearlugs 55 on the upper and lower walls of thecamera, carries a bellcrank 66, one arm of which is connected through alink 51 with a lever 58, pivoted at 59. Lever 68 has a pin-and-slotconnection 10 with rack 8!. If the shaft 64 is rotated clockwise (Fig.14) the rack will be pulled to the right, and by reason of gear 50 beingmeshed therewith, the tube 52 will be rotated counter clockwise to setthe shutter by contacting and movin the arm 55 as before described.

The rack 6| is moved to the left, and the tube 52 accordingly rotatedclockwise to release the shutter, by means of the finger release II.This release extends to a rod 12, guided for vertical movement in abearing 13 and a bracket 14. A spring 15 tends to elevate the rod 12 andthe finger release H to the normal position. Pressure on the release Hmoves rod 12 downwardly and swings a bellcrank 1B, pivoted at H, andthis movement carries a second bellcrank, l8, pivoted to 15 at I9,toward the left, until the too 50 (Fig. 13) of the long arm of bellcrank18 engages a shoulder 51a on rack 6i and carries the latter also towardthe left and so rotates the tube 52 to trip the shutter, as beforedescribed.

From either the set or released position, the rack 6i and therefore thetube 52 are returned to normal by the action of a spring 8i coiledaround the hub of bellcrank 66. Theends of spring 5| press againstopposite sides of a pin 82 and a lug B3 is turned up from one arm ofbellcrank 65 between these spring ends. As the spring II iscomparatively stiff, its ends react to center the lug 83 between themwhichever way the lug is moved, and thus return the rack GI and tube 52to neutral.

It should be noted that a spring 84, wound about the pivot 11 (Fig. 11)is anchored against bracket 14 and its free end urges bellcrank in acounterclockwise direction about its pivot 19, so that the toe 90 ispositively pressed into engagement with the shoulder lla. A fixed pin 95limits the downward movement of toe 00 and i also causes the latter torise clear of shoulder Bla. as indicated by broken lines in Fig. 13,when the finger release 'IIis permitted to move upwardly.

The film advancing mechanism and interlocking parts which prevent doubleexposure, will be best understood by reference to Figs. 1, 6, '7, 8, 9and 10. A winding knob 90 on a stub shaft 9| that carries a spool key 92on its, inner end is used in the conventional manner to wind the film Fonto the receiving spool II. The usual roller clutch 93, not detailed,prevents the knob from turning in the reverse direction.

Above the clutch 93 (Fig. 10) is a gear 94 that is fixed to the shaft 9|by a key 95. This gear is adapted to mesh with a gear 99, pivoted at 91.Some of the teeth of gear 99 are removed, leaving a smooth portion 90for a purpose presently to be described. A pitman 99 is attached to gear96 at I00 and its opposite end has a slot-and-pin connection with acrank arm IOI, fixed on the upper end of vertical shaft 04 above the topwall 2| of the camera body.

As the winding knob 90 is turned, the gear 96 is rotated from theposition indicated in Fig. 1 to that indicated in Fig. 6, and the pitman99 swings arm IOI toward the rear of the camera and rotates shaft 54 tomove rack CI to set the shutter as previously described.

Again referring'to Figs. 9 and 10, above the gear 99 is a ring gear I02.This gear is adapted to be driven by the film F itself when the windingknob 90 is turned, by reason of the emulsion side of the film engagingthe toothed or serrated rollers 24. These latter dig into the emulsionjust enough so that they will be turned,-even against considerableresistance, as the film rolls over them. At the top of the shaft 24athat carries rolls 24 is a pinion I03, meshing with an idler pinion I04,which in turn meshes with gear I02. Idler pinion I04 is supported in afiat plate 'or yoke I05, a stud I00 serving-both as a pivot for thepinion and an anchor for the plate.

Within the gear I02 is a friction member I01 having aseries ofoutwardly-sprung tongues I09 that frictionally engage the innerperiphery of the gear I02. Member I0! is retained between a disc I09that enters a rabbet in the gear I02, and a second disc IIO by means ofscrews III. These three elements (the two discs and the gear I02)' arefree to revolve on the stub shaft 9i when drivenby pinions I03 and I04.

In the edge of disc H0 is a notch H2 and in its top face is a stopshoulder H3. The latter is adapted to engage the end of a tongue II4 onyoke I05 and to be held thereby against counterclockwise movement. Thetongue II4 is sufilciently resilient to permit the disc IIO to revolveclockwise under it and then to snap back of shoulder II3 when the latterreaches the position of Fig. 1.

Means are provided, as previously mentioned, whereby the film cannot beadvanced until the finger release has been depressed to operate theshutter and make an exposure, whereupon the finger release cannot againbe depressed until the film has been advanced one frame. This. conditionis brought about through the move--' ment of a lever Ill, which may bedesignated the interlock, which is pivoted at IIS on the top wall of thecamera body I0 and is provided with a slot III for limited lateralmovement. An upstanding lug H8 is adapted to engage the notch H2 in discH0 and may also drop behind a shoulder I20 on the yoke I05 if moved farenough to the right. An arm I2I projects forwardly from the interlock H5and is connected through a spring I22 with a lever I23 pivoted at I24.This lever has a hooked end I25 underlying gear 96 and in the same planeas a pin I26 that projects downwardly from said gear. On the front oflever H5 is forwardly projecting edge II9 that is adapted to be engagedby the rearofarmIOI.

Near the right side of the'camera top wall 2I is a lever I21 pivoted atI28 and urged counterclockwise by a spring I29. When the finger releaseI0 is depressed the spring I29 forces the forward end I30 of lever I21into a notch I3I (Fig. 4) in the finger release I0, so that the latteris locked against further movement until the lever I21 is moved in theopposite direction. This movement will occur when interlock I I5 ismoved a sufiicient distance to the right to cause its end I32 to strikelever I21 and move the portion I30 clear of the notch I3l in part I0(Fig. 1).

The above description makes clear the construction and arrangement ofthe novel features which are designed to prevent double exposure. Theoperation and movements of these members are set forth in the succeedingparagraphs.

Assuming that the parts are in the relation shown in Fig. 1, wherein theshutter is set for an exposure and the film has been advanced, if theoperator presses finger release I0, the bellcranks I6 and I8 will bemoved, the toe 80 will engage shoulder BIa, rack GI will move to theleft, segmental gear 60 will turn tube 52 clockwise, and the lug 54 willpush shutter release lever 56 to the right and the shutter will betripped to make an exposure. Simultaneously, the movement of rack BIturns shaft 65 counterclockwise (Fig. 14) through the action of link 61and lever 68, so that arm IN is swung rearwardly. As this arm is alreadyin contact at II9 with interlock II5, the latter will be swung about itspivot H9 and the lug IIB will be moved forwardly away from shoulder I20on yoke I05. Spring I22 then carries the interlock to the left as far aspermitted by slot II'I. Lug II8 then rides on the smooth periphery ofdisc I I0 (Fig. 6) but this disc carinot turn backwardly because oftongue I I4 which is engaged in shoulder II3. Interlock II5 thus beingmoved to the left permits spring I29 to swing lever I21 and move its endI30 into notch I3I in finger release. I0 as soon as the operator removeshis finger and permits the release to rise. The latter cannot then bedepressed again until lever-end I30 has been moved out of notch- I3I,and until a new frame of film has been advanced to the exposure aperture23.

The operator now turns the knob 90 clockwise. Gear 94 engages the firsttooth 99a of mutilated gear 96 (starting from the position of Fig. 1)and turnsthis gear, carrying pitman 99 and arm IM to the position of Fi6. This movement turns shaft 54 clockwise, and through link 61 and lever68 carries rack 6| to the right, causing tube 52 to rotate to the left.Lug 54 then strikes the setting lever 55 and sets the shutter foranother exposure.

I As the operator'continues to wind knob90 to frame a new area of film,the film in passing onto.

spool I'I engages the toothed rollers 24, as prevl-.

ously described and so rotates pinions I03 and I04 which carry gear I02in the same direction as the knob 90. It should be clearly understoodthat there is no positive connection between the 8 knob 90 and the gearI02, the latter being driven only by the film F. Disc II 0, being'frictionally and not positively driven through the spring action ofclutch member I07 is carried around with gear I02 until the left side ofthe notch II2, contacts lug I I8 (Fig. 7).

Before the notch I'I2 engages the lug 8- the mutilated gear 98 has beenrotated to a position where the last tooth 96b thereof passes out ofmesh with gear 94, and that the latter may then continue its rotationwithout further affectin gear 96. This permits a full frame of film tobe wound on. At this time pin I26 abuts a prong I33 on interlock H andthus gear 88 is stopped, the parts then being in the relative positionsindicated in Fig. 7. Continued movement of the film (by turning knob 90)causes the side of notch II2 to push interlock '5 far enough to theright so that spring II 2 forces lug IIB back to-' ward yoke I05 and itis then latched at shoulder I and cannot again move to the freeposition. During this last slight movement of the interlock, the prongI33 passes off from pin I26, and as the flat end I of lever I23 ispressing against the pin I28 just at the point where said fiatterminates, the curved portion I34 of lever I23 under the action ofspring I22 acts in the nature of a cam and pushes the pin I25 forwardly,thus rotating gear 85 so that the untoothed portion 83 thereof freelypasses gear 94 and the first tooth ready for another cycle ofoperations.

If now the number of the next film frame has not appeared in theobservation window of the camera back I! (not shown) the operator may 4gcontinue to wind film 'and the film will still turn gear I02, the discH0 however cannot rotate be-- cause it is then blocked by the lug II8(Fig. 1) so the friction disc I01 will slip on the inner surface of gearI02 as long-as may be necessary to complete the winding of the film tothe next frame.

The last fraction of an inch of movement of interlock II5 to engage lugII8 behind shoulder 820 causes the end I32 to push lever I21 to theright, thus freeing or unlocking finger release III for the nextexposure.

From the above it will be noted that the operator cannot trip theshutter until after he has wound most of the next film frame onto thereceiving spool. After starting to wind he will of course continue untilthe next number appears in the observation window. As the winding of thefilm sets the shutter, the camera is themready for the next exposurewithout any further thought or action. When the next exposure is made,the shutter cannot be tripped again until more film is wound onto thereceiving spool. Double or blank exposures are thus rendered impossible,as the film cannot be advanced from one 5 frame to another until theshutter has been tripped.

When the operator inserts a fresh supply spool 95a engages a tooth ongear 94 and comes to rest,

sale a washer I44 below the lever with a notched latch plate I 43. Bydepressing this knob the washer is released from the latch plate and thelever I40 may be moved forwardly or back. When moved toward the back, aforked arm I48 at the bottom of pivot I is swung so that a lug I41 onsaid arm strikes the rear edge of pmng I33 on the interlock H5 andforces the latter forward, removing lug IIB from notch H2 and permittingthe operator to wind on the required amount of film to bring the firstof the group of numerals "1 on the backing paper into the observationwindow. Then if the operator depresses knob I43 again and moves arm I40forwardly, the lug I 41 is withdrawn from prong I33 and the lug I I8 maysnap back into notch II2 under the pull of spring I22 as soon aswindingknob 90 is given another quarter-tum. This last movement will carry thefilm the necessary distance to correctly place No. 1 frame, and thecamera is then ready for the first exposure.

An exposure counter is also incorporated in the structure as illustratedherewith, and may comprise a numbered disc I49 (Fig. 11) the figures onwhich may be. read through a window I53 in the housing 20. A ratchet ISIunder disc I 49 is turned the space of one tooth (or one digit on discI49) by a pawl I52 (Fig. 8) mounted on the interlock II5. This pawl isindicated as made of a piece of spring wire, suitably formed to functionas both a pawl and a 'spring, one end being turned up to engage theteeth of ratchet I5I'. A holding pawl I63 may be arranged to preventreverse rotation'of disc I49 and a knob I54 is provided for manualsetting of the counter.

What I claim is:

1. In a camera, the combination with a camera body, of a focusing lensmount, a shutter including a setting lever and a release lever carriedthereby, means inside the focusing lens mount movably mounted thereinfor setting the shutter and tripping the shutter when moved in differentdirections, a trigger mounted on the camera body, a film winding devicemounted on the camera body, and means including a slidable connectionfor moving said movably mounted member in a direction to set the shutterincluding gearing on the camera body, means for intermittently engagingthe gearing on the camera body and the slidable connection, connectingmembers between said gearing and said slidable connection a for movingthe latter by the former, and means operable by the film winding devicefor movingsaid gearing when said gearing is engaged.

2. In a camera, the combination with a camera body, of a focusing lensmount, a shutter including a setting lever and a release lever carriedthereby, means inside the focusing lens mount movably mounted thereinfor setting the shutter and tripping the shutter when moved in differentdirections, a trigger mounted on the camera body, a film winding devicemounted on the camera body, and means for moving said movably mountedmember in a direction to set the shutter ineluding gearing on the camerabody, a slidable connection between the gearing and the movable meansinside the focusing lens mount for connecting these parts, means forintermittently engaging'the gearing and connecting members between saidgearing and said movably mounted member for moving the latter by theformer, and separate connections between the trigger and said movablemember for actuating the movable member in an opposite direction fortripping the shutter.

3. In a camera, the combination with a camera body, of a focusing mount,an objective and shutter carried thereby, a release lever for theshutter, a setting lever for the shutter, a film winding device, amember movably mounted inside the focusing mount to move in .twodirections for setting and tripping the shutter and including a post,'slidable connections between the movably mounted member and the post,bearings for supporting said post, and means for retaining said post ina normal position of rest whereby said member may be held between itssetting and tripping positions.

4. In a camera, the combination with a camera body, of a movably mountedfocusing mount, an objective and shutter carried thereby, a releaselever for the shutter, a setting lever for the shutter, a film windingdevice on the camera body, a member mounted :to move in two directionsinside of the focusing mount for setting and tripping the shutter, apost carried by the camera body, slidable connections between the memberand post, bearings for supporting said post, and means for retainingsaid post in a normal position of rest whereby said member is heldbetween its setting and tripping positions comprising a spring havingtwo arms, a lug normally engaging both arms, a spring arm being adaptedto be placed under compression by moving said post toward its shuttersetting or shutter tripping positions.

5. In a camera, the combination with a camera body, of a movably mountedfocusing mount, an objective and shutter carried thereby, a releaselever for the shutter, a setting lever for the shutter, a film windingdevice carried by .the camera body, a member mounted on the movablefocusing mount to move in two directions for setting and tripping theshutter, a post carried by the camera body and movable connectionsbetween said member and the post, bearings for supporting said post, andmeans for retaining said post in 9, normal position of rest whereby saidmember is held between its setting and tripping positions comprising aspring having two arms, a lug normally engaging both arms, a spring armbeing adapted to be placed under compression by moving said post towardits shutter setting or shutter tripping positions, and means includinggearing interconnected to the film wind device for moving the post toset the shutter.

6. In a camera, the combination with a camera body, of a movably mountedfocusing mount, an objective and shutter carried thereby, a releaselever for the shutter, a setting lever for the shutter, a film windingdevice on the camera body, a member mounted inside the focusing mount tomove in two directions for setting and tripping the shutter, a postcarried by the camera body and connections thereto including a pair ofrelatively slidable interconnected elements, bearings for supportingsaid post, and means for retaining said post in a normal position ofrest whereby said member may be held between its setting and trippingpositions comprising a spring having two arms, a lug normally engagingboth arms, a spring arm being adapted to be placed under compression bymoving said post toward its shutter setting or shutter trippingpositions, and means including gearing interconnected to the film winddevice for moving the post to set the shutter, a

trigger member carried by the camera body, and connections between thetrigger and movable member through said relatively slidable connectedelement for moving the latter to a shutter tripbination of a movablelens mount revoluble about the lens axis within the body for focusing,an operating member for the shutter attached to the movable lens mountand movable laterally of the lens mount axis and independently thereof,means actuated by the film-advancing mechanism for moving the operatingmember in one direction to set the shutter, manually-actuated means formoving the operating member in another direction to release the shutter,and interlocking mechanism between said manually-actuated means wherebyone cannot be operated until the other has performed its function.

8. In a photographic roll-film camera the combination with a body, of alens, a shutter provided with setting and release members, and filmadvancing mechanism carried by the camera body, the combination of alens mount revoluble within the body for focusing, a tubular membermovably mounted within the lens mount and independently movable in onedirection for setting the shutter and in the opposite direction forreleasing the shutter, mechanism adapted to be rotated by the film whenthe latter is being advanced and I arranged to rotate the tubular memberto set the shutter, manually-operable means connected to the tubularmember and adapted to rotate the latter to release the shutter, andinterlocking mechanism between the film advancing mechanism and themanually-operable means whereby neither can be operated until the otherhas performed its function.

9. In a photographih roll-film camera the combination with a camerabody, of a lens, a shutter carrying the lens and provided with a settingmember and a release member, a manually-operated release control carriedby the camera body, and film advancing mechanism carried by the camerabody, the combination of a lens mount comprising concentric threadedmovably mounted tubes, one of said tubes being revoluble in the body andthe other non-revoluble; a shutter-operating member movably mounted inone of the tubes to move transversely of the tube; connections betweenthe shutter-operating member and the film advancing mechanism, wherebymovement of the latter rotates the shutter-operating member in onedirection; connections between the manually-operated release control onthe camera body and the movably mounted member carried by the movablefocusing tube whereby combination, a camera body, a film-advancing Vmechanism carried thereby, a lens, a shutter carrying the lens, alens-mount comprising a pair of movable concentric tubes, one revolubleand one non-revoluble, both of said tubes being movable axially lorfocusing the lens; a shutter-operating member movably mounted andcarried by within one of said tubes and arranged to be may set theshutter.

ii. In a roll-film camera the combination with a shutter and a manualrelease therefor, or a film-advancing mechanism including a winding key,double-exposure prevention means compris ing, in combination, serratedrolls in contact with the film and adapted to be rotated by said filmwhen the latter is advanced; a revoluble stop member, a friction driveconnection between said serrated rolls and said stop member; a shuttertrigger carried by the camera body; a latch for controlling the shuttertrigger, and a lever between said latch and said film advancingmechanism adapted to be moved by the latter to dis-- engage said latchwhen the film is advanced.

12. In a roll-film camera the combination with a shutter and a manualrelease therefor, 01 a film-advancing mechanism, double-exposureprevention means comprising, in combination, serrated rolls in contactwith the film and adapted to be rotated by said film when the latter isadvanced; a revoluble stop member, a friction drive connection betweensaid serrated rolls and said stop member; a latch for said manualrelease and interlocking mechanism adapted to be moved by said stopmember to disengage said latch when the film has been advanced, saidinterlocking mechanism also being so arranged that a subsequent movementof the manual shutter release to make an exposure causes theinterlocking mechanism to engage said latch and to be disengaged fromsaid stop member.

13. A roll-film camera having a body, filmadv'ancing mechanism, a lens,and a shutter carrying the lens and provided with a setting memher and arelease member, a movable tubular.

ter-operating member in one direction adjacent the tubular mount wall tocontact the setting member and another direction to contact the releasemember, said shutter-operating member also being movable axially withthe axially-movable tube.

JOSEPH MIHALYI.

